Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh — exodus (2023)

Nagorno-Karabakh (Artsakh) was a majority-Armenian enclave within Azerbaijan. Following the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war in which Azerbaijan recaptured much of the territory, a nine-month blockade in 2023 left the Armenian population in acute food and fuel shortage. On 19 September 2023, Azerbaijan launched a 24-hour military offensive. The entire Armenian population — over 100,000 people — fled to Armenia within days, completing what the European Parliament called ethnic cleansing.